J Neurol Res

Journal of Neurology Research, ISSN 1923-2845 print, 1923-2853 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Neurol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.neurores.org

Short Communication

Volume 2, Number 2, April 2012, pages 48-53

Flow Cytometry Approach for the Identification of Liposomal Cytarabine Toxicity

Figure

Figure 1. Forward and side scatter dot-plots. Cells are coloured in red and liposomes in blue. These last events show a very wide range of size and granularity, and cross the forward/side scatter dot-plot from very small to very high and complex events. The grey arrow indicates the cut-off point for quantification of the depo-foam particles. Dot-plots A), B) C) belong to Patient 1, and dot-plots D), E) F) belong to Patient 2.

Table

**Table 1.** Patients’ Clinical Symptoms and CSF Data Obtained After the Administration of the LC Doses
	Patient 1	Patient 2
F: female; M: male; IT: intrathecal; LC: liposomal cytarabine; CNS: central nervous system; MTX: methotrexate; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; FC: flow cytometry; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging.
Sex	F	M
Age	46	63
Diagnosis	Multiple Myeloma	Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (B/myeloid)
CNS involvement at diagnosis	No	No
Radiotherapy	No	No
Neurotoxic drugs received	MTX, high dose Ara-C	MTX
Diagnosis of leptomeningeal relapse	CSF cytology and FC	MRI
Monitoring leptomeningeal disease
IT LC doses received	7	5
Neurotoxicity	No	No
CSF cell count	< 1/ mm³	< 1/mm³
Estimated ratio FC events: cells/depo foam	38/79	18/1,110
IT LC doses received	8	6
Neurotoxicity	No	Difficulty in walking
CSF cell count	2/mm³	< 1/mm³
Estimated ratio FC events: cells/depo foam	201/774	12/1,013
IT LC doses received	10	7
Neurotoxicity	Cauda equina syndrome	Sacral radiculopathy
CSF cell count	1/mm³	1/mm³
Estimated ratio FC events: cells/depo foam	17/13,888	112/6,890
CNS relapse	No	No
Follow-up (months after neurological episode)	4	13
Hematological status	Extra-medullary relapse. Exitus during allogeneic transplantation	Complete remission
Neurological sequel	-	Faecal and urinary incontinence.