J Neurol Res

Journal of Neurology Research, ISSN 1923-2845 print, 1923-2853 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Neurol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.neurores.org

Original Article

Volume 13, Number 1, September 2023, pages 50-55

Measurement of Electrophysiology, Sexual Dysfunction, and Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Diabetes Referred for Neuropathy Symptoms: A Case-Control Study

**Table 1.** Clinical Features of Study Participation
Variables	Neuropathy diabetes (n = 110)	Non-diabetic controls (n = 52)	P value
Data were expressed as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation. IHD: ischemic heart disease; BMI: body mass index; MoCA: Montreal cognitive assessment; FSFI: female sexual function index, MSFI: male sexual function index.
Sex
Male/female, n (%)	57 (51.8)/53 (48.2)	20 (38.5)/32 (61.5)	0.112
Comorbidity
Hypertension, n (%)	53 (48.6)	8 (15.4)	0.001
IHD, n (%)	23 (21.1)	2 (3.8)	0.001
Age	57.96 ± 9.75	55.57 ± 10.53	0.158
BMI (kg/m²)	31.2 ± 5.4	30.1 ± 6.2	0.2
Duration of disease	10.51 ± 7.17	-	-
Beck score	8.56 ± 6.47	8.96 ± 4.74	0.451
MoCA	20.98 ± 5.07	23.17 ± 4.47	0.001
Sexual activity
FSFI	11.03 ± 8.13	14.05 ± 9.46	0.122
Desire	3.23 ± 1.32	3.05 ± 1.44	0.438
Arousal	2.27 ± 2.02	2.86 ± 2.30	0.119
Lubrication	1.19 ± 1.27	1.47 ± 1.34	0.341
Orgasm	1.76 ± 1.75	2.15 ± 1.85	0.338
Satisfaction	2.23 ± 1.84	2.36 ± 1.87	0.667
Pain	1.23 ± 1.57	1.41 ± 1.50	0.609
MSFI	15.10 ± 8.05	17.2 ± 12.5	0.395
Desire	3.23 ± 1.23	3.05 ± 1.44	0.438
Arousal	2.27 ± 2.02	2.86 ± 2.30	0.119
Erection	1.96 ± 1.68	1.75 ± 1.68	0.636
Orgasm	2.23 ± 1.84	2.36 ± 1.87	0.667
Satisfaction	3.17 ± 2.26	3.60 ± 2.36	0.275

Table 1. Clinical Features of Study Participation

Variables

Neuropathy diabetes (n = 110)

Non-diabetic controls (n = 52)

P value

Data were expressed as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation. IHD: ischemic heart disease; BMI: body mass index; MoCA: Montreal cognitive assessment; FSFI: female sexual function index, MSFI: male sexual function index.

Sex

Male/female, n (%)

57 (51.8)/53 (48.2)

20 (38.5)/32 (61.5)

0.112

Comorbidity

Hypertension, n (%)

53 (48.6)

8 (15.4)

0.001

IHD, n (%)

23 (21.1)

2 (3.8)

0.001

Age

57.96 ± 9.75

55.57 ± 10.53

0.158

BMI (kg/m²)

31.2 ± 5.4

30.1 ± 6.2

0.2

Duration of disease

10.51 ± 7.17

Beck score

8.56 ± 6.47

8.96 ± 4.74

0.451

MoCA

20.98 ± 5.07

23.17 ± 4.47

0.001

Sexual activity

FSFI

11.03 ± 8.13

14.05 ± 9.46

0.122

Desire

3.23 ± 1.32

3.05 ± 1.44

0.438

Arousal

2.27 ± 2.02

2.86 ± 2.30

0.119

Lubrication

1.19 ± 1.27

1.47 ± 1.34

0.341

Orgasm

1.76 ± 1.75

2.15 ± 1.85

0.338

Satisfaction

2.23 ± 1.84

2.36 ± 1.87

0.667

Pain

1.23 ± 1.57

1.41 ± 1.50

0.609

MSFI

15.10 ± 8.05

17.2 ± 12.5

0.395

Desire

3.23 ± 1.23

3.05 ± 1.44

0.438

Arousal

2.27 ± 2.02

2.86 ± 2.30

0.119

Erection

1.96 ± 1.68

1.75 ± 1.68

0.636

Orgasm

2.23 ± 1.84

2.36 ± 1.87

0.667

Satisfaction

3.17 ± 2.26

3.60 ± 2.36

0.275

**Table 2.** NCS Parameters
Variables	Patients	Non-diabetic controls	P value*
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05. NCS: nerve conduction study; NSS: neuropathy symptom score; NDS: neuropathy disability score; SRAR: sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio; CMAP: compound muscle action potential.
NSS	5.83 ± 2.40	1.72 ± 1.96	0.001
NDS	4.11 ± 2.45	0.43 ± 1.02	0.001
SRAR	0.27 ± 0.19	0.56 ± 0.1	0.001
Mean tibial conduction velocity	35.00 ± 16.04	44.75 ± 3.55	0.001
Mean tibial distal latency	5.12 ± 0.92	4.42 ± 0.68	0.001
Mean tibial CMAP amplitude	10.32 ± 14.89	5.34 ± 1.84	0.001
Mean sural amplitude	6.75 ± 5.75	15.32 ± 4.5	0.001
Mean radial sensory amplitude	20.82 ± 8.35	27.02 ± 7.33	0.001

Table 2. NCS Parameters

Variables

Patients

Non-diabetic controls

P value*

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05. NCS: nerve conduction study; NSS: neuropathy symptom score; NDS: neuropathy disability score; SRAR: sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio; CMAP: compound muscle action potential.

NSS

5.83 ± 2.40

1.72 ± 1.96

0.001

NDS

4.11 ± 2.45

0.43 ± 1.02

0.001

SRAR

0.27 ± 0.19

0.56 ± 0.1

0.001

Mean tibial conduction velocity

35.00 ± 16.04

44.75 ± 3.55

0.001

Mean tibial distal latency

5.12 ± 0.92

4.42 ± 0.68

0.001

Mean tibial CMAP amplitude

10.32 ± 14.89

5.34 ± 1.84

0.001

Mean sural amplitude

6.75 ± 5.75

15.32 ± 4.5

0.001

Mean radial sensory amplitude

20.82 ± 8.35

27.02 ± 7.33

0.001

**Table 3.** Correlation Between SRAR and NSS and NDS
SRAR
*P < 0.05. NSS: neuropathy symptom score; NDS: neuropathy disability score; SRAR: sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio.
NSS	-0.848	0.001	-0.811	0.001	-0.398	0.012
NDS	-0.856	0.001	-0.795	0.001	-0.44	0.005

Table 3. Correlation Between SRAR and NSS and NDS

SRAR

Total

Patients

Comparison

*P < 0.05. NSS: neuropathy symptom score; NDS: neuropathy disability score; SRAR: sural/radial nerve amplitude ratio.

NSS

-0.848

0.001

-0.811

0.001

-0.398

0.012

NDS

-0.856

0.001

-0.795

0.001

-0.44

0.005